Africa – (CAF)
Qualified: Nigeria, Egypt.
Asia – (AFC)
Qualified: Iran, Japan, South Korea, Saudi Arabia.
Europe – UEFA
Qualified: Russia (hosts), Belgium, Germany, England, Spain, Poland, Serbia, Iceland, France, Portugal.
Play-offs: Switzerland, Italy, Croatia, Denmark; Northern Ireland, Sweden, Republic of Ireland, Greece.
North and Central America – (CONCACAF)
Qualified: Mexico, Costa Rica, Panama.
Play-offs: Honduras.
South America – (Conmebol)
Qualified: Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Colombia.
Play-offs: Peru.
The play-offs draw will take place on Tuesday 17 October. The first legs will be played on 9-11 November, with the second legs on 12-14 November.